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Urodynamics Print E-mail

What is Urodynamics?

Urodynamic Study is a series of tests that provides us with a detailed look at the function of your bladder and urethra. These tests involve measuring the pressure in the bladder while it is being filled with sterile water. Once we know how much water your bladder can hold, we then check to see whether your bladder empties itself efficiently and completely.

Urinary Incontinence

Urinary incontinence is any unintentional leakage of urine. It can be caused by several underlying medical conditions including: infections, strokes, pressure from pregnancy, obesity and neurological problems. It is more common in women than in men. It affects 10-25% of women under 65 years of age and 5-30% if women older than 60 who do not live in nursing homes. Incontinence is even more common in nursing home residents, more than half of this population may be affected.

Some women have the false belief that urinary incontinence is a normal part of aging and that nothing can be done to correct this problem. Less than half of women affected seek medical care. They may feel ashamed and even try to avoid certain social or work events; often wearing dark clothing to avoid embarrassing and visible urine stains.

Types Of Incontinence

There are three types of incontinence:


  • The most common type of incontinence is Urge Incontinence. It occurs if the detrusor muscle (the muscle wall of the bladder) is overactive.
  • Stress Incontinence occurs when the pressure inside the bladder (which moves urine out) is greater than the pressure in the urethra (which keeps urine in). It causes loss of urine during physical activity such as coughing, laughing or sneezing. Leakage occurs when the tissue that surround and support the urethra and bladder are weakened.
  • In Overflow Incontinence the bladder does not completely empty during voiding. This results in a steady leakage of small amounts of urine. It occurs when the detrusor muscle is underactive. Overflow incontinence is less common than urge incontinence.

A woman with urinary incontinence also may have other symptoms:

  • Urgency: A strong desire to urinate, whether or not the bladder is full.
  • Frequency: Urinating more than every 2 hours or more than seven times a day.
  • Nocturia: The need to urinate two or more times during the hours of sleep.
  • Dysuria: Painful urination.
  • Enureis: Bed-wetting or wetting while sleeping.

Urination

When you urinate, the muscles of the bladder tighten and squeeze the urine out through the urethra, a tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of your body. At the same time, sphincter muscles surrounding the urethra loosen, after receiving signals from your brain, allowing urine to pas out. These muscles also can tighten and squeeze the urethra shut to prevent urine from passing. If the muscles become weak or damaged, they might not be able to hold urine during stress activities such as sneezing, coughing, laughing or dancing. The resulting leakage depends on how much urine is in the bladder at the time of the stress event.

Preparing For The Study

You should wear loose, comfortable clothing. All medications that you are taking for bladder control (including herbals) should be stopped seven (7) days prior to your testing date. You should try and keep a diary of voiding habits (how often you go to the bathroom, how often you leak, how much fluids you are drinking, etc.) for the week prior to testing.

Test That May Be Performed

  • Uroflowmetry: Measures amount and speed of urine released from your bladder. A computer measures your urine flow over time. Also measured is the amount of urine remaining in your bladder after voiding.
  • Cystometry: Evaluates your bladders capacity; the strength of your bladder muscle; and how well the signals work that tell you when your bladder is full. Your bladder is filled with sterile water using a thin catheter. You will be asked to report when you feel the urge to void; the amount of water needed to create that sensation is measured. You may also be asked to cough, sneeze or bear down.
  • Pressure Flow Study: The test measures the pressure of the urine stream as it leaves the bladder
 

Copyright © Dr. Kenneth Kassin, M.D. 2002 - 2009 All rights reserved